Reasons For Glomerular Disease

Glomerular disease is formed due to many varied diseases. Any poisonous treatment that has been done for the kidneys can lead to formation of such disease. Glomerular disease can also be the outcome of any other disease that has reacted in the whole body. These diseases are like the diabetes or lupus. There are a variety of diseases that can create an inflammation or a marking on the nephron or the glomerulus. Glomerular disease can be idiopathic many times. That means it can take place without any effect of a disease attached with it.

The disease given as under falls under one or more different lists:-

For example - A kind of glomerular disease is known as diabetic nephropathy. This particular disease is both a systemic as well as a sclerotic disease. Diabetes is by nature a systemic disease. It is also a sclerotic disease as the harm done to the kidneys is made by several marks or cuts.

Autoimmune Diseases

Antibodies and immunoglobulin are certain substances similar to proteins that are formed in the body if the immune system works properly. These help in keeping the body safe through organisms that attacks occasionally. The autoimmune disease is a kind of disease that helps in forming few autoantibodies. These autoantibodies causes harm to the body on their own. The autoimmune disease falls under systemic disease and it attacks many places in the body or it can also cause harm to certain organs or special parts.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) – The skin, joints and kidney of the body gets harmed by this kind of disease. There are more chances in women to develop such disease than in males. Researches reveal that this disease can also develop due to some sex-related factors. A viral infection can also act as catalyst. The disease of the kidney that is created by SLE is termed as Lupus nephritis. This is formed when the autoantibodies gets gathered up in the glomeruli. This can cause a swelling. This pain creates some marks on the kidney. The kidney does not perform its functions in a right way. Traditionally the right way to cure Lupus nephritis is by mixing of two medicines namely, cyclophosphamide, and a cytotoxic agent. Prednisolone, a corticosteroid is used to reduce the swelling and the pain. A new agent that stops immune system is mychophenolate mofetil (MMF).In place of cyclophosphamide, the doctors use mychophenolate mofetil (MMF).The MMF is as good as cyclophosphamide and the side effects are very less.

Goodpasture’s syndrome – These are antibodies that affect the lungs and the kidneys. The early symptoms that can be found in a person are blood coming out while coughing. As compared to the permanent and increasing harm done to the kidney the Goodpasture’s syndrome is nothing. This is a disease that can not be seen quite often. It affects women, young men, old adults and children. Immunosuppressive medicines are provided for curing this. A special treatment to purify the blood called the plasmapheresisis is done. This treatment is done to remove the auto antibodies from the system.

IgA nephropathy – This is one kind of glmerular disease. When a person is affected with this the immunoglobulin A (IgA) gets collected in the glomeruli. This creates swelling and redness. Until 1960s IgA nephropathy was not accepted as a kind of glomerular disease. Later new techniques of biopsy were discovered. Thus the IgA nephropathy was found in the tissues of the kidney.

One can find presence of blood in the urine when affected with this disease. The disease does not show many symptoms. Hence it takes much time to get noticed and hence treatment starts quite late. Certain detailed medical tests can only detect the presence of IgA nephropathy.This disease is mainly the trigger element for causing glomerulonephritis. Hence systemic disease like diabetes mellitus or lupus is not the reasons for glomerular disease. Women are more likely to get affected by IgA nephropathy. People of all age groups can get affected by IgA nephropathy. But in young people cases of a kidney failure are rare. The reason is this disease takes a long period of time to get noticed. But when noticed it is usually at a alter stage when cure becomes difficult.

When IgA nephropathy is detected early and the person shows normal level of blood pressure and lesser than 1 gram of protein in an urine sample taken within a time span of 24 hours then it is not advisable to start any kind of medications. But when the amount of proteins in the urine is excess of 1 gram per day then proteinuria shall be reduced and the blood pressure count should be kept in a check for protecting the kidneys. There are few medicines for checking blood pressure. They are angiotensin which changes enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhbitoe) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) which blocks hormone named angiotensin. These medicines are very effective.

Hereditary Nephritis—Alport Syndrome - Any family history of the presence of chronic glomerualr disease can point towards the presence of Alport syndrome. This disease can result in deafness or affect eye sight. Both men and women can get affected by such disease. Men however, are more prone towards chronic disease related to the kidney. The first symptoms in men are renal insufficiency while they are in twenties. By the time they reach the age of 40 their kidneys get damaged totally and can even cause a total kidney failure. For women such renal damage or deafness is hard to found. However unclear hearing can be so mild that one has to confirm it by gong through a detailed test. Hereditarily men can forward this disease to their daughters. Women can pass on to their sons and daughters. For curing Alport syndrome blood pressure and kidney should be maintained properly.

Infection-related Glomerular Disease – Sometimes when a person is having a wound in any parts of his body there are chances that the Glomerular disease develops. A strep throat or an infection in the skin can trigger a disease called Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN).This bacteria called Streptococcus doesn’t affect the kidney directly. However, any wound in the body can act as trigger making the immune system of the body generate more antibodies. These antibodies flow through the blood and are collected in the glomeruuli creating harm for the body. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) can result in pain and infection on the skin, presence of blood in the urine or even lesser generation of urine. When tests are taken reports show more amount of protein in the urine. Levels of creatinine are prominent and the presence of urea nitrogen in the blood is high. Hence all these points towards poor functioning of the kidney. An improper function of the kidney leads to occasional complains of high level of blood pressure.

PSGN is mostly found in the children aged from 3 to 7. PSGN can affect a person in any age but mostly boys get affected. It stays for a small time span and generally the kidney is permitted to recover. However, in some cases the kidney is strike permanently and a dialysis or transplant can only recover the disease.

Bacterial endocarditis - They cause harm to the tissues inside the heart. It’s attached with other glomerular diseases. Researches have not yet revealed whether the renal lesions observed after heart damage is due to some reaction of the immune. This is not yet proved whether other diseases have resulted into such kidney damage or not. To lessen the kidney disease the heart has to be cured. Many times a chronic kidney disease (CKD) is caused by Endocarditis.

HIV – The virus that causes AIDS can also be the reason for occurrence of glomerular disease. Kidney failure is experienced by around 5 to 10 percent of the people affected with HIV long back this disease is detected fully. In the early stages of HIV –related nephropathy high levels of proteinuria is detected. Along with that the kidney progress towards a total failure within a year the disease gets detected. Treatments and cure are being developed and researches going on to find out the way to slower down the process. Since the patients affected with HIV are already affected with a weak immune system hence the treatments including immunosuppression can be highly risky.

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